1.永历帝的故事正如“斩草不除根，春风吹又生”，历来之君能得到善终很少，像刘禅国破家亡后被进爵，“乐不思蜀”安享晚年的更少。
2.明朝最后一位皇帝，不是自缢煤山的崇祯帝朱由检，而是他的堂弟朱由榔，两人都是万历皇帝朱翊钧的亲孙子。
3.不过跟堂哥朱由检比起来，朱由榔着实差远了。“自幼失学, 全未读书”，从小未尝受过正规的皇室教育，性格怯懦，胆识才能都难当中兴之主，就连其亲生母亲都评价其“吾儿仁柔，非拨乱之才也”。
4.只是因为当时其父亲兄弟们都死了，南明政权要维系下去，朱由榔是唯一的选择。于是公元1646年十一月十八日，朱由榔宣布即皇帝位，改第二年为永历元年。
5.从1646到1662年的16年里，无论在哪里，无论如何，都没有让他有机会安心。清军进驻紫禁城之后，全中国除了都统一了，还怎么会放过明朝“余孽”呢？于是在清军的追剿下，他辗转流离于粤、桂、湘、黔、滇、缅之间，一有风吹草动，当即闻风而逃。
6.永历十二年(公元1658年)，吴三桂攻入云南昆明，他如丧家之犬般逃入缅甸寄人篱下。
7.永历十五年(公元1661年)，吴三桂进兵缅甸，对缅甸国王索取朱由榔。不巧的是，那时候缅甸内部刚发生变故，让莽白弑兄自立称王，这样内部就不稳定了，没有力气与吴三桂对抗，只得答应他的要求。于当年的八月十二日诱骗他至咒水，被杀尽侍卫，这就是史称“咒水之难”。
永历十六年 (公元1662) 正月，被俘后，他被送给吴三桂，然后被囚禁在昆明的一座金禅寺内。当时本应该将他押解至京城，由康熙处置，但却迟迟不动手。这显然对吴三桂是不利。
试想康熙那时候才八岁刚刚登基辅佐大臣（索尼、苏克萨哈、遏必隆、高宗保和鳌拜）肯定是不希望留下后患，但是为了抚慰前明百姓，有可能会放了他一马。这对吴三桂来说不是好消息。
10.Wu Three Gates promptly submitted a petition to the throne, requesting that he be allowed to execute Yongli in person; his request was granted.
11.The decision of Wu Three Gates to kill Yongli has been interpreted by many historians as an act of treachery and betrayal against the Ming dynasty, as it was seen as a way for him to eliminate any potential threats from the Ming loyalists and secure his position within the Qing court.
12.Wu Three Gates' motivations for killing Yongli are not entirely clear, but it is believed that he wanted to prevent any potential uprising or rebellion from taking place among the remaining Ming loyalists.
13.In conclusion, Wu Three Gates' decision to kill Yongli was likely motivated by a desire to eliminate any potential threats from the Ming loyalists and secure his position within the Qing court.
14.The death of Yongli marked the end of the Ming dynasty and brought an end to over two centuries of imperial rule in China; it also marked a new era under Qing rule that would last until 1912 when China became a republic once again.
15.Yongli's death at hands of Wu three gates is still remembered today as one tragic event in Chinese history which marks not only an end but also beginning anew chapter in history book
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